Stanford's Map of India, 1869.

 Stanford's Map of India, 1869. India is the land bound in the southwest by Baluchistan, in the northwest by Afghanistan, in the north by Tibet and Turkestan and far in the east the mountainous region of Szechuan which came under Chin control. 

West of the alluvial deserts of the Sindh river are the Hala Mountains in the north-south direction which rise above Tilokpuree and  the alluvial desert plains of the Sindh river. North of the Hala Mountain ranges are Safed Koh in the east-west direction and  the Hindukush, in the north-south direction, providing a border to  the land where the Sindh emerges from the Himalayan ranges.  The Himalayan ranges spread like a garland, in the general east-west direction, with their northern edge ending in a vast plateau, the Tibetan plateau. Beyond the Tibetan plateau are the desert lands of Turkestan in the west and far away in the east are the lands of the Chin. These lands dissolve in to the mountainous region of Szechuan in the east and reach up to the sea where the Burman people controlled the riverine access to the sea. The entire eastern mountain region was populated by a multitude of diverse people, each group controlling a valley or two. The British, with their initial contact with the Burman people, insisted on calling this entire land 'Burma' even though some 135 different ethnic groups populated the land from the sea to the northern mountains from where the major rivers of this land emerged.